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Is that 70 x 2 (facade power up) = 140 + 100% (Adaptability STAB) = 280?
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Numbers are right but the proper way to calculate is to think of STAB being a 1.5x multiplier except with Adaptability in which it becomes 2x. So Facade when poisoned = 140 (70*2) and STAB via Adaptability make its 140 * 2 = 280. As for when you do the STAB calculation (for the normal move or the base power) it does not matter - you'll end up with the same answer (e.g. 70 x stab = 140, x boost = 280 as opposed to 70 x the 2x for the facade boost and then stab which still gives you 280).
Items like the Silk Scarf do indeed give a 20% boost (so a 1.2x multiplier - 280 * 1.2 = 336 - what you got).
Serebii or bulbapedia or other such big sites tend to be good resources on stuff like abilities and moves and items, etc. If you have any other questions, ask them in the Help thread sticky at the top of this section next time, please. Answered so going to close.