Hydro pump
Many broken bones and concussion from the impact, if one doesn't die then and there they'll certainly be unconscious and suffering from internal bleeding, and being unconscious makes drowning very likely.
razor leaf
A lot of shallow cuts, the victim should end up fine if tended to and allowed to recover.
psychic
I guess this might cause mental trauma and/or brain damage, but it's anyone's guess as to how severe.
ice beam
This could be like getting hit with a large mass of glass, except that it can also flash-freeze the victim. If one doesn't get frozen solid (from which they'll likely die of asthyxiation before hypothermia sets in, by the way), they may be too badly cut up, amongst other things, to live.
blizzard; sheer cold
See:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothermia
But it would have to go on long enough to cause that.
icy wind
Just a single gust of cold wind? Probably benign.
overheat; blast burn
I'd imagine either move to hit like a small nuclear blast, since they're supposed to be powerful attacks.
hyper beam
I'm not sure what this attack even does, is it some sort of energy blast? Because I'm afraid 'pure' energy does not exist IRL. Let's say it's kinetic though, being a normal-type move — similar results to hydro pump/cannon, minus drowning obviously (but after having their chest caved in by a giant beam, one may be unable to breathe regardless).
surf
See:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drowning
shock wave; thundershock; thunderbolt
See:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_shock
Gust
A sudden wind that can blow one over, little harm in it really.
Whirlwind
This won't be life-threatening unless one gets blown into something, upwards, or off a high place. One can expect a broken limb or ribs, grazing and bruising if they land alive.
Earthquake
In itself, the ground shaking holds no risk to any animal. One'll fall over if they try to stand though.
It's the other things an earthquake also causes to collapse that are harmful, results are variable.
rock slide
Rocks are heavy and they crush things, this should be obvious enough.
x scizzor
Moderate to severe bleeding, broken bones if it slices through them.
flamethrower
See:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burn
Third degree or worse.
solar beam
Blindness; severe burns; maybe radiation poisoning if it works that way.
hydro cannon; shadow ball; will o wisp; seed bomb; Sludge bomb; leaf storm; dark pulse; silver wind; magical leaf; night slash; heal pulse; mud bomb; stone edge; rock blast; water pulse; dragon pulse; draco meteor; dark pulse; flash cannon
I'm not familiar with these moves.
If anyone has corrections for me or wants to elaborate on the moves I cannot, go ahead; I haven't played Pokemon in a long time.