There have actually been several releases of each in a few languages, and yes, many of them were for special events. For example, Japanese ANA Airlines had these available for passengers in 1999:
https://archives.bulbagarden.net/media/upload/6/6f/FlyingPikachuANAPromo98.jpg
Some were printed in these folders made especially for the olympics in Sydney, and as you can see, flying and surfing pikachus were printed in German and French, respectively:
https://membres.multimania.fr/bilbon/Pokemon/Photo/World.jpg
they are distinguishable by the foil lightning bolt.
This was also made available in Japan in '97 through a campaign, the difference is the mountain and train backdrop:
https://archives.bulbagarden.net/media/upload/b/bc/100_025_PIKACHUnam13_JR.jpg
And like Donavannj was saying, they were released in English as black star promos and then later reprinted as secret rares in rising rivals. If you just care about the artwork and not about having the rarest version, I would go for either the black star promos or the rising rivals reprints. Personally, I think the JR Stamp Rally promo is the coolest but it's hard to get.